Excessive salt — from salty snacks, salt dough, sea water or play dough — can cause sodium ion poisoning.
Dogs that eat large amounts of salt develop a dangerous rise in blood sodium that draws water out of cells, including brain cells.
Hypernatremia (high blood sodium) increases plasma osmolality, pulling water out of cells. The brain compensates by producing idiogenic osmoles; when blood sodium falls too quickly during treatment, brain cells re-swell and can herniate. This is why treatment must be carefully controlled by a vet.
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Toxic dose is approximately 2–3 g sodium chloride per kg body weight. Salt dough Christmas ornaments and play dough are common emergency presentations.
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