All philodendron species contain insoluble calcium oxalate crystals that cause severe oral irritation.
Heartleaf philodendron and split-leaf philodendron are common houseplants — both are toxic.
Philodendron leaves contain calcium oxalate raphides in specialized cells. When the cells are crushed by chewing, the needle-like crystals are forcefully ejected and embed in mucous membranes, causing immediate pain, swelling and tissue irritation.
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Most dogs spit the leaves out after the first painful bite. Large amounts or persistent chewing can cause significant airway swelling.
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